Perspectives

May is Small Business Month-a time to celebrate the entrepreneurial spirit and the incredible effort that goes into building a brand from the ground up. One of the most overlooked legal tools in a small business’s toolbox? Trademarks. Whether you’re launching a new venture or growing an established one, understanding trademarks is essential for protecting your business identity and long-term success.

Here are some frequently asked questions-along with some extra insight from our team-to help small business owners make smart, informed decisions about trademark protections.

When Should I Think About Getting a Trademark?

As early as possible-ideally when choosing your business name, logo or tagline. 

Trademarks are more than just symbols or words, they’re legally protected identifiers of your brand. Conducting a clearance search before committing to a name can save you from legal battles and rebranding costs later. Early trademark planning also gives you a competitive edge by helping you secure exclusive rights before your competitors do.

WFJ Tip: Even if you’re not ready to launch, you can still start the process through an Intent-To-Use application (more on that below).

How Long Does it Take to Get a Trademark?

On average, it takes 14-15 months to receive the full registration. 

The trademark process isn’t immediate-it involves detailed examination by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), a public opposition period, and possible office actions (requests for clarification or denial). During this time, your application goes through several rounds of review.

WFJ Tip: Start early so you don’t have to delay a product launch or marketing campaign while waiting for trademark approval.

I’m Interested in Getting a Trademark-Where Do I Start?

Start with a comprehensive clearance search. 

This search checks federal and state databases-and sometimes even common law sources-to see if your desired name or logo is already in use. Skipping this step increases your risk of accidentally infringing on someone else’s trademark, which can lead to costly litigation or forced rebranding.

WFJ Tip: Let our legal team handle this for you. We know what to look for and how to advise you on risk.

Do I Have to be Offering the Product/Service Before Applying for a Trademark?

No! You can file on an Intent-to-Use basis. 

This type of application allows you to “reserve” your trademark for up to 6 months (with extensions available), giving you time to prepare for launch while securing your rights. Once your product or services hits the market, you file a “statement of use” to complete registration.

WFJ Tip: This is ideal for startups and pre-revenue businesses. It protects your branding while you finalize development or marketing plans.

Once My Trademark is Registred, What Does It Protect and For How Long?

It protects the specific goods/services listed in your application-and can last forever with proper maintenance. 

Trademarks don’t automatically cover everything your business does. They are tied to specific categories (called “classes”) of goods and services. After registration, you must file maintenance documents to keep your rights active:

• First maintenance due between 5-6 years
• Renewals required every 10 years

WFJ Tip: Ongoing protection=ongoing value. Your trademark becomes a business asset that can be licensed, sold, or used to stop copycats.

Small Business, Big Protection

Investing in trademark protection is one of the smartest moves you can make as a business owner. At Wagner, Falconer & Judd, we help simplify the trademark process so you can focus on building your business with confidence.

Legal issues can arise when you least expect them-whether it’s a contract you need reviewed, a dispute with a landlord, or simply needing legal advice before making a decision. The good news? With your LegalShield membership, you don’t have to navigate these situations alone or worry about the high cost of hourly attorney fees.

Here’s how the LegalShield membership works, and what kind of support from our team at Wagner, Falconer & Judd you can expect:

Ask Legal Questions Anytime

Have a legal concern or question? With LegalShield you can call your provider law firm or submit your question through the LegalShield app. An attorney will return your call within four business hours to provide guidance and clarity on your situation. Whether it’s a quick question or something more complex, you’ll have experienced legal support just a phone call away.

Recieve Critical Assistance

If you’re dealing with a dispute-say with a contractor, neighbor, or business-our attorneys can step in to help. They can write letters or make phone calls on your behalf, which can often resolve the matter quickly. You’ll also have access to legal templates and documents, giving you the tools you ned to take the right next steps.

Get Feedback on Documents

Need a contract reviewed before signing? You can upload documents directly through the app or online portal, and a WFJ attorney will review them and provide feedback within three buisness days or less. It’s a simple way to make sure you’re protected before you commit to anything in writing.

Hire an Attorney for Less

If your legal needs go beyond what’s included in your membership, you can still access affordable support. LegalSheild members receive at 25% discount off the standard hourly rate for additional services from WFJ-helping you handle more complex legal matters without breaking the bank.

Legal Help that Fits Your Life and Budget

With LegalShield, legal support is no longer out of reach. Whether you’re reviewing a lease, handling a traffic ticket, or navigating a more serious issue, your membership gives you afforable access to trusted attorneys who are ready to help.

Have questions about getting started with your new membership? Contact us to learn more. 

As marijuana legalization spreads across the country, employers face increasing confusion about how to handle marijuana in the workplace. With a patchwork of state laws, federal regulations that haven’t budged, and complicated questions around testing and impairment, it’s more important than ever to ensure your policies are up to date-and legally compliant. 

Whether you’re navigating medical marijuana requests or figuring out how to handle a positive drug test, here are 20 essential things to know:

1. Marijuna is still illegal at the federal level.

Despite its legalization in many states, marijuna remains a Schedule 1 controlled substance under federal law. That means employers-especially those who follow federal rules-must tread carefully.

2. Employers can enforce drug-free workplace policies.

You still have the right to maintain a zero-tolerance policy-even in states where marijuna is legal-if it aligns with your workplace needs and safety requirements.

3. DOT-regulated employees are prohibited from using marijuana.

The Department of Transportation (DOT) prohibits marijuna use for safety-sensitive roles, regardless of state law or medical authorization.

4. DOT drug tests include THC screening.

A positive marijuana test is considered a federal violation for DOT-regulated employees and can disqualify them from performing safety-sensitive functions.

5. State laws are all over the map.

Some states protect off-duty marijuana use, others don’t. Know the rules in every state you operate in to avoid missteps.

6. Medical marijuana users may be protected by state law.

States like Arizona and Illinois have laws protecting registered medical marijuana users from adverse employment actions-as long as they’re not impaired at work. 

7. Impairment matters more than positive tests in some states.

In certain states, a positive drug test alone isn’t enough for discipline or termination-especially if the employee is a registered medical user. Actual workplace impairment must be demonstrated.

8. On the job impairment is never protected.

Even in the most cannabis-friendly states, being high at work is still grounds for discipline or termination. 

9. Pre-employment testing policies are evolving.

Some states, like Nevada and New York, restrict pre-employment marijuana testing for certain positions. Consider revising your testing policies accordingly.

10. There’s no reliable way to test for real-time impairment.

THC can remain in the body for days or weeks after use. A positive test doesn’t always mean someone is impaired-which compliments enforcement. 

11. In many states, you can still fire someone for a positive test.

Unless state law says otherwise, employers are often within their rights to terminate for marijuana use-but consistency and documentation are critical.

12. Consistent policy enforcement is crucial.

To avoid legal trouble, apply your drug policies fairly and equally across your workforce. Inconsistent discipline can open the door to discrimination claims.

13. Safety-sensitive positions deserve special attention.

It’s reasonable (and often necessary) to apply stricter standards for safety-critical roles where marijuana impairment could be dangerous.

14. Disability accommodations may be triggered.

Some employees using medical marijuana may qualify for accommodations under state disability laws-but marijuana use itself is not protected under the federal ADA.

15. Post-incident testing must be justified.

OSHA discourages automatic post-incident testing unless there’s a reasonable basis. Make sure you’re testing in response to real concerns.

16. Reasonable suspicion testing requires training.

Managers and supervisors should be trained to recognize signs of impairment and document those observations carefully. 

17. Random drug testing must follow clear procedures.

Random testing should be truly random, non-discriminatory, and compliant with any applicable state laws.

18. Off-duty recreational use is protected in some states.

States like California, Minnesota and New Jersey now prohibit adverse employment actions for lawful, off-duty marijuana use in many cases-unless job performance is affected.

19. Clear, written policies are non-negotiable.

A well-crafted policy should spell out expectations, testing procedures, and consequences-and it must include marijuana. 

20. Consult with legal counsel before you terminate.

Especially in states with employment protections, always check with your legal team before disciplining or terminating an employee for marijuana use.

As marijuan laws continue to evolve, employers need to stay proactive. A “one-size-fits-all” drug policy no longer works. The best approach? Stay informed, tailor your policies by jurisdiction and job type, and work with trusted legal counsel to reduce risk while keeping your workplace safe and compliant. 

The Employment and Labor attorneys at Wagner, Falconer and Judd are here to support you through it all. Learn more about our subscription services for businesses-here! 

If you’re dealing with old debts, you might be wondering whether a debt collector can still sue you. The answer lies in something called the statute of limitations-a legal time limit for debt collectors to take action.

What is the Statute of Limitations on Debt?

That statute of limitations is the period during which a creditor or debt collector can legally sue you to collect on a debt. After this period passes, your debt is considered “time-barred”, and while you may still owe the money, a collector cannot sue you in court to enforce the debt.

How Long is the Statute of Limitations?

In general, debt collectors or creditors have 6 years from the date of your last payment or acknowledgment of the debt to file a lawsuit. This means if you haven’t made a payment or admitted to owing the debt in that time, they may be out of legal options to collect through the courts.

What Can Restart the Clock?

It’s important to be cautious-certain actions can restart the 6 year clock:

• Making a payment: Any payment-no matter how small-resets the 6 year statute of limitations.
• Acknowledging the Debt: Simply admitting that you owe the money (even in a phone call) or asking for more time to pay can restart the clock.

These seemingly small actions can give debt collectors a fresh opportunity to sue.

What if a Debt Collector Still Sues?

Just because a debt is time-barred doesn’t mean a collector won’t try to sue. A lawsuit officially starts when you’re served with a summons and complaint-not when it’s filed in court.

If this happens, you must respond-usually within 20 days-by serving an answer and asserting the statute of limitations as a defense. If you don’t respond, the court could enter a default judgment against you, even if the debt is legally uncollectible.

What Happens if a Judgment is Entered?

A judgment gives the deebt collector powerful tools to collect the debt, such as:

• Placing a lien on your real property
• Garnishing wages
• Levying your bank account

A Word of Caution

While the statute of limitations can protect you from being sued for old debt, relying on it as a strategy to avoid your obligations is risky. The creditor can sue at any point within the 6-year window, and unpaid debts can damage your credit for up to 7 years-or even longer for certain types of debt like student loans and tax debt.

Final Thoughts

If you’re unsure about the status of debt or have been contacted by a collector, don’t go it alone. Understanding your rights-and your risks-can help you make informed decisions. In some cases, seeking legal guidance can help you protect yoruself and your financial future.

WFJ can help with that. 

It’s official-U.S. businesses are off the hook when it comes to the Corporate Transparency Act (CTA). In a major development, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) has announced an interim final rule that eliminates the requirement for U.S. companies to file a Beneficial Ownership Information (BOI) report. Instead, only entities formed under foreign laws must comply.

What Happened?

The CTA, which took effect in 2024, originally mandated that most U.S. businesses disclose ownership details to FinCEN as part of an effort to combat illicit financial activities. However, ongoing legal challenges questioning the constitutionality of the CTA led FinCEN to reconsider its stance. Rather than engaging in prolonged litigation, FinCEN has effectively withdrawn the requirement for U.S. businesses, leaving only foreign-formed entities subject to compliance.

What This Means for Employers and Business Owners

If you were preparing to submit a BOI report, you can take that off your to-do list. However, this doesn’t mean compliance requirements in other areas are going away. Employers and businesses should stay vigilant aout other regulatory obligations, such as tax filings, employment laws, and industry-specific reporting requirements. 

What’s Next? 

While this ruling brings relief to many businesses, regulatory landscapes can shift quickly. FinCEN may revisit aspects in the future or introduce alternative reporting measures. WFJ will continue monitoring any updates to keep business owners informed. 

For now, U.S. companies can breathe easier knowing they are not required to comply with the CTA. If you have any questions about corporate compliance, WFJ’s legal team is here to help. Stay informed, stay compliant and focus on what you do best-running your business. 

For financial professionals, securing payment starts long before an invoice becomes overdue. Implementing proactive lien and bond protections can mean the difference between getting paid or writing off a loss. Here’s how you can set yourself up for success and avoid unnecessary risks.

Start with Strong Documentaion

To file a lien or bond claim effectively, you need a solid foundation of documentation. Missing even one critical piece of information can cause delays or jeopardize your rights. Key documents include:

Contract: Defines the scope of work, payment terms, and lien rights.

Job Level Tracking: Ensures accurate documentation of labor and materials.

 Credit Supplement Sheet: Verifies financial details and customer information.

Notices: Preserve lien rights and establish compliance with state laws.

Invoices & Proof of Delivery: Confirm amounts owed and that materials were delivered to the job site.

Understand State-Specific Lien and Bond Requirements

Lien laws vary by state, and missing deadlines or filing incorrectly can cost you your claim. For example:

Utah: A preliminary notice must be filed within 20 days of first furnishing or lien rights are waived.

Missouri: A 10-day Notice of Intent must be served before filing a lien. If your attorney receives the lien request too late, you may lose your rights.

Being aware of state-specific requirements ensures you never miss a deadline.

Verify Ownership and Delivery Details

A lien is only as strong as the accuracy of your filings. Make sure:

The correct property owner is listed-incorrect ownership details can invalidate your lien.

You have proof of delivery to the site, not just a customer’s warehouse or rigger’s yard.

Work Within Key Deadlines

Timing is everything when filing liens and bond claims. To avoid last-minute rushes:

• Request supporting documentation from brances at least 20 days before the deadline. 
• Engage WFJ for lien/bond assistance at least 14 days prior to the deadline. 

Get Expert Guidance

When in doubt, consult a legal expert. WFJ’s lien and bond attorneys are here to help answer your questions and ensure your filings are compliant. Whether you need an opinon letter or help navigating complex lien laws, our team is ready to assist.

Don’t Wait Until It’s Too Late

By establishing proactive lien and bond protections now, you can prevent financial losses and ensure that your company is paid for the work and materials it provides. Contact WFJ today to discusss how we can help you streamline your process and secure your receivables.

In today’s complex business environment, having access to comprehensive legal and consulting services is essential for success. Wagner, Falconer and Judd offers a suite of Business and Legal Consulting Services designed to support organizations in navigating challenges and achieving their goals.

Overview of Services

WFJ provides a wide range of services tailored to meet the diverse needs of businesses:

Compliance: Offering attorney advice, consultation, research, document review, and assistance with safety issues related to OSHA and DOT, ensuring businesses remain compliant with state and federal laws.

Business Support: Providing attorney consultations and advice, document reviews, sample forms and agreements, guidance on corporate formations, governance strategies, and advice on vendor and lease agreements.

Human Resources: Delivering expert answers to HR-related questions via our securte portal, attorney advice and consultation, sample forms, policies, agreements, wage and hour compliance, hiring and firing, and benefits consultation.

Collections: Assiting with attorney consultation, providing Mechanic’s Lien and Payment Bond resources and filing assistance, facilitating escalation to attorneys for enforcement, and offering document reviews and sample agreements.

Who Would Benefit from These Services

WFJ’s services are ideal for:

Small to Mid-Sized Businesses: Companies seeking affordable and accessible support to manage and service their growing workforce can benefit from WFJ’s comprehensive suite of services.

Organizations lacking In-House Legal Departments: Businesses without dedicated legal teams can rely on WFJ for outsourced legal services, ensuring proactive legal support tailored to their unique needs.

Companies Needing Specialized Expertise: Organizations requiring assistance with compliance, HR, collections, or business support can access WFJ’s specialized knowledge to navigate complex issues effectively.

Secure Portal Ticketing System

A standout feature of WFJ’s services is their secure portal and ticketing system, which offers:

Easy Access: Clients have hotline access to HR professionals and legal support, ensuring timely assistance.

Efficient Issue Tracking: The ticketing system within our portal allows clients to track and monitor issues from a single, user-friendly location, streamlining communication and resolution processes.

By partnering with WFJ, businesses can focus on their core operations, confident that their legal and consultation needs are in expert hands. WFJ’s commitment to personalized services and support empowers organizations to navigate challenges and sieze opportunities with assurance.